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Serial Number: Cam0211
Type:
Camera
Manufacturer:
KMZ (Krasnogorski Mekhanicheskii Zavod)
Country of Origin:
KMZ in the town of Krasnogorsk near Moscow
Production Period:
1952-56
Approximate Price:
Reference:
Status: Display
Description:
This is a vintage camera Zenit-E made in USSR with a black leather case. Zenith-E is the most massive single-lens reflex small-format camera in the world, developed at the Krasnogorsk Mechanical Plant (KMZ) and mass-produced from 1965-1982. Exposure 30-x, 1 60, 1 125, 1 250, 1 500, B
Lens Helios-44-2 2 58 mm
A zenith camera is an astrogeodetic telescope used today primarily for the local surveys of Earth s gravity field. Zenith cameras are designed as transportable field instruments for the direct observation of the plumb line (astronomical latitude and longitude) and vertical deflections.[1]
Instrument
A zenith camera combines an optical lens (about 10–20 cm aperture) with a digital image sensor (CCD) in order to image stars near the zenith. Electronic levels (tilt sensors) serve as a means to point the lens towards zenith. Zenith cameras are generally mounted on a turntable platform to allow star images to be taken in two camera directions (two-face-measurement). Because zenith cameras are usually designed as non-tracking and non-scanning instruments, exposure times are kept short, at the order of few 0.1 s, yielding rather circular star images. Exposure epochs are mostly recorded by means of the timing-capability of GPS receivers (time-tagging).
Data processing
Depending on the CCD sensor - lens combination used, few tens to hundreds of stars are captured with a single digital zenith image. The positions of imaged stars are measured by means of digital image processing algorithms, such as image moment analysis or point spread functions to fit the star images. Star catalogues, such as Tycho-2 or UCAC-3 are used as a celestial reference to reduce the star images. The zenith point is interpolated into the field of imaged stars and corrected for the exposure time and (small) tilt of the telescope axis to yield the direction of the plumb line.
